Importance of Teachers Essay Example for Free

Importance of Teachers EssayA instructor affects eternity he can never tell where is influence stops. hydrogen Adams Teaching is a timeless profession. It is the basis of all other professions. Good teachers plant seed that make bang-up doctors, good accountants, good public servants, good statesmen, good taxi drivers, and good astronauts. When former students return to see me over the years, my heart fills up in the knowledge that I leave been part of a wonderful accumulation of experiences that followed them through life. bloody shame Bicouvaris.If your plan is for a year, plant rice. If your plan is for a decade, plant trees. If our plan is for a lifetime, educate children. Confucius I am a teacher because of teachers. They showed me that some integrity other than my mother could love me. Guy Doud In a completely rational society, the best of us would be teachers and the relief of us would have to settle for something else. Lee Iacocca What else is needed is somethi ng that teachers themselves are reluctant to talk about openly and its our respect for them.Its what is missing in America, and its what has been too long withheld from a profession so important to our national well being, as important as doctors or captains of industry or TV commentators. From sunup to sundown, the school teachers you have seen tonight work harder than you do no matter what you do. No calling in our society is more demanding than teaching. No calling in our society is more selfless than teaching. No calling in our society is more central to the vitality of a democracy than teaching. Roger Mudd To me the fix hope of human salvation lies in teaching. George Bernard Shaw Each of these quotes speaks to me, non merely because I am a teacher, although that is part of it. Like Guy Doud, I am in part a teacher because of other teachers, and love directly expressed or non was certainly part of it. It was my AP American History teacher Thomas Rock who challenged me to live up to what I could do, and it was Music Professor John Davison who demonstrated the deep love for every student who passed through his care, including me. I hope that I return both lessons with my own students. I know the importance of respect.I cannot demand it from my students but must earn it, in self-aggrandising part by acting with respect towards them. It might be helpful were the media and many politicians and far too many parents not reinforcing a different attitude. In part it is because we do not pay teachers, and if they make so little, they cannot be that important, right? Except, as I might note, in angiotensin converting enzyme 45 minute period I spend more quality time with some of my students than they get from their parents, which is a different tragedy. Our society needs to reexamine how we value people, and not have such an emphasis on money and overt power.The Henry Adams quote is one I have long cherished. The affects of my own teachers continue on me t oday. And I have now taught long enough to be no longer be surprised at some of the students who come lynchpin to convey me. It worries me that some of my long-term affects upon students might not be so salutary, which is one reason I try to be aware of how my words and actions can have impact far beyond their immediate purpose. I am only in my 13th year of teaching, but am already experiencing some of what Mary Bicouvaris writes about.If you are a parent, you have every right to demand that your childrens teachers see them as individuals, but please remember yours may be one of almost 200 children that teacher deals with every day. If you want more personal attention for your child, demand smaller classrooms, lower student loads per teacher so that they are capable of giving that attention. If you are a policy maker, remember that the decisions you make can support or pr reddent the kind of teaching environment that makes a difference in the life of a child.Teaching is about muc h more than cramming information into heads so that it can be given back on high stakes tests which really do not tell us all that much useful information. All of us have had teachers. And even if we were too shy, or too stubborn, to express our thanks at the time, we can always drop a note or make a call, or if possible stop by and say hello, and thank those who made a difference for us. Sometimes we worry about the students who pass through our care, that we did not do enough, care enough, and it can help a teacher who is wondering whether to continue the struggle to hear of the differences s/he made.Sometimes that can be the one thing that keeps a teacher going for one more year. I know I can make a difference. And I am not making these requests on my own behalf. But while I claim to speak for no one except myself, I also acknowledge that I have a voice and a keyboard that seems to be able to express in ways others may not be able to, to reach look and ears and minds to which many do not have access. So this is my offering today. It is about the importance of teachers. You probably already know about that importance, but I calculate a gentle reminder might not hurt. Peace.

Development of Japans Industrialisation

Development of japans Indus effortisationWhy was japan able to industrialize? lacquer is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the ocean of lacquer, china, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. japan is the second worlds strongest capitalism economy country. Japans research capacity, industrial base and manufacturing technology are among the highest in Asia. Japans economy is very well, citizens have a high quality of life, GDP per capita more than forty thousand U.S. dollars in the world. Japan is maven of the richest countries in the world, the most economically developed and the highest standard of living. Japans economy is so well because of industrialized. There were three main factors that Japan industrialized, introduction contrasted technology, horse barn import dependence and steadfastly working cautious labors. These three main fa ctors caused Japans economic prosperity and became the totally Asian member of Group of eight (G8). The factor introduction foreign technology let Japanese technology more advanced than before. The factor stable import dependence let Japan had stable industrial raw materials to industrialize, and the factor hard working cautious labors was indispensable in Japan industry. Japan was able to industrialize because introduction foreign technology, stable import dependence, and hardworking cautious labors.Thesis Statement Japan was able to industrialize because of the introduction of foreign technique, stable import dependence and hardworking cautious labors.The Tokugawa Shogunate, as well known as the Tokugawa Bakufu and the Edo Bakufu, was a feudal Japanese military government which existed surrounded by 1600 and 1868. The heads of government were the shoguns, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan. The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled from Edo Castle and the years of Shogunate became k nown as the Edo period. This time is also called the Tokugawa period. In 1868 the Tokugawa shogun, lost his power, than emperor Meiji started to stamp down Japan. During 18681912, the important revolution in government system traffic education new technologyJapan became a strong country. Japan had regained complete control of its foreign trade and legal system, by fighting and winning the fights.Japanese industry expanded, both(prenominal) in cleared export industries like textiles, which were necessary to pay for the raw materials needed from abroad, and also in heavy industries like steel and shipbuilding. Cities grew, as more Japanese travel from kingdom into jobs in factories and offices. In the countryside larger landlords came to own more and more land, and the number of poor tenants increased. Always dependent on foreign trade, Japan was hard hit by the world depression that began in 1929. The farmers who had grown the silk that was exported to the United States found no commercialize for their product once the roaring twenties and the religious cult for silk stockings collapsed with the stock market crash. Japans dramatic economic growth slowed, and social problems increased, especially in the countryside. At the same time that the leaders of imperial Japan engage modernization and economic growth, they continued to address the issue of Japans unequal status in the international order. In 1894, more than forty years after Commodore Perry pried Japan open to the outside world, Japan finally succeeded in revising the unequal treaties so that it regained its legal parity with the Western powers. In Sino-Japanese War(18941895), Japan defeated China in the war for Korea, Japan over the control of Korea and also gained Taiwan and Penghu island. In Russo-Japanese War, Japan went to war with Russia over Russian eastward encroachment in Asia, and in 1910, Japan expanded its empire, annexing Korea. Japan became a huge empire.From the proto-industrial bas e, Japans agri cultural productivity was high enough to sustain substantial craft (proto-industrial) production in both rural and urban areas of the country prior to industrialization. When the United States forcibly opened Japan in the 1850s, Japans prospects seemed dim indeed. However, Tokugawa achievements urbanization, road networks, rice cultivation. Tokugawa Japan (16001868) the ontogeny of proto-industrial (craft) production by merchant houses in the major cities like Osaka and Edo (now called Tokyo) and its diffusion to rural areas after 1700, and the promotion of education and population control among both the military elite (the samurai) and the well-to-do peasantry in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Tokugawa political economy daimyo and shogun preventing daimyo from cementing alliances with other countries .The samurai military were forced to abandon rice farming and reside in the castle town. As a result irrigation ditches were extended throughout the val leys, and riverbanks were shored up with stone embankments, facilitating transport and preventing flooding. Quick emulated westward organizational forms and western techniques in energy production, like char and the other fossil fuels to generate steam power. During 1887 to1938 infrastructure and manufacturing expand.In 1852, Shimazu Nariakira, built Japans first industrial complex. On the basis of the Japanese sprit of craftsmanship for iron and pottery which had attained pre-eminence in the pre-industrial. Strongly motivated by considerations of national security, heavy industry emerged successfully and competitively, Japanese simply borrowed the best of Western technology and moulded it to fit the needs. Iron and steel production, shipbuilding and armaments, fuelled by abundant Kyushu coal created a new excogitation for Asias first industrial revolution. Technology was transferred from Satsuma to northern Japan, Kamaishi, to make the first large-scale iron furnace. In the Meij i period, Japans history of trial and error iron-making bore fruit and contributed to the birth of the first large scale furnace, in Kitakyushu, in 1901. The first modern coal mine in Japan was on Takashima Island. Iwasaki completed to develop it as Japans first modern coal mine. Peoples efforts, dreams, ingenuity, and exploit in a develop to build a nation strong enough to survive under any circumstances. These industrial heritage sites are of the highest cultural significance. The first modern coal mine in Japan was on Takashima Island. Iwasaki completed to develop it as Japans first modern coal mine. Peoples efforts, dreams, ingenuity, and sweat in a drive to build a nation strong enough to survive under any circumstances. These industrial heritage sites are of the highest cultural significance.1853, when the United States sent Commodore Matthew C. Perry to Japan with a letter to the emperor, and orders to obtain a treaty. The first involved the lucrative China trade. The secon d was the need for a fueling station for the coal-powered, Japan happened to have plenty of coal. It appeared as if Japan might be headed for the same fate as China, to eventually lose central control to competing spheres of foreign influence. The Tokugawa clan was now blamed for the shame which the unequal treaties had inflicted upon Japan, in the end, the Tokugawa Shogunate was overthrown. At the same time a new emperor ascended the throne. From 1867 to 1912, dust unparalleled in history. 1876, the old class system of Japan was abandoned. With astounding speed, universities were founded, telegraph and railroad lines cross-crossed the country and a national postal system pock up. The shipping and textile industries took off. How was such progress at such a rate possible? They borrowed the best of the West and molded it to fit Japans needs. A childly baseball story illustrates how enthusiastically and effectively the Japanese borrowed and adapted from other countries during the Meiji Era. 1871, Iwakura Tomomi, they spent several months each in the United States, England and Europe, and studied everything they encountered from banking systems to zoos. Some students stayed rear in different countries with host families for years of foreign education before returning home. The new innovations seemed, they also came at a price. Harsh working conditions and maturation of workers, this threatened traditional culture. We would do better to treat China and Korea in the same way as the Western nations. In this idea lay the grow of Japanese imperialism.The First World War was -in excellent chance for manufacturers. Japan foreign trade increased four-fold during the war. At the same time, a larger market opened up for the underdeveloped countries of the Pacific area. In Japan, price rose hit all consumers .There were serious social strains and unrest, culminating in the rice riots of 1918. In short, the war benefited Japan both directly and indirectly and when it was over she was apparently poised to make further gains. Tokyo earthquake of 1923, consolidating the position of the zaibatsu. Rapidly growing cotton wool textile and light manufacturing industries. After 1931, the war-related industries, which used advanced technology, began to grow rapidly.Conditions of labors A system of seniority which virtually guaranteed lifelong employment to the loyal male worker.stinting crisis From 1937, industrial effort was concentrated on iron and steel, aircraft, tanks and automatic weapons. Once the conflict had been begun by the attack Pearl Harbor in December 1941, aggravated the hardships of the civilian population. The armed forces were abolished.Recovery In 1946, a major land reform was initiated aimed at abolishing the allegedly militaristic landlord class by transferring land ownership to the peasants. Reform thus tended to have a two-fold action. It expanded the home market for industrial goods of the kind consumed by rural households, and it released labors for employment in the cities. Meanwhile, the whole capitalist world, from the early 1950s, entered into an unprecedented long-term phase of expansion and prosperity. By the early 1960s, Japans rapid resurgence had begun to attract the attention of outside observers who saw it as one of the most astonishing success stories of all time.TheMeiji Restoration and Modernization.Asia For Educators1994.Web.18.Oct.2013Japans Modern History An Outline of the Period Imperial Japan Industrialization and building 18901930.Asia For Educators.1994.Web.20.Oct.2013Mosk Carl. Japanese Industrialization and Economic Growth. EH.net Encyclopedia.2010.Web.20.Oct.2013Story of Japanese modern industry. World Heritage promotion office.2012.Web.16.Oct.2013Richard H.Minear. The Meiji Era and the Modernization of Japan. The Samurai annals Japanese History Page. 1994.Web.17.Oct.2013.Commodore Perry and the Opening of Japan. U.S. Navy museum website.2012.Web.17.Oct.2013.Sarah Lyons Watts. Japan A meteoric rise .. Wake Forest University. N.D.Web.19.Oct.2013.

Gender Roles in Shakespeare Plays

Gender Roles in Shakespeare PlaysTo answer this question I go out attend mainly to As You Like It and duodecimal Night. As well as the texts of the two put to works I will also refer to two stage exertions Filters production of Twelfth Night at the Lowry in Manchester (2010) and the West Yorkshire Playhouses As You Like It in Leeds (2010) and films of the plays by Nunn and Branagh. Critical writings by Terry Eagleton, Valerie Traub, Jonathan Bate and Sean McEvoy will also be referred to.Debates around the social construction of gender have stimulate ubiquitous in the study of the social sciences over the past lambert years. Postmodernism, Poststructuralism, Feminism and Queer theory have all favoured the argument that military personnels are culturally constructed rather than biologically determined. This theoretical slipperiness has had a big impact on literary criticism and on our resultant understanding of canonical works. Shakespearean plays which had formerly been re ad as deterministic in their look have been re-read in a new light as a result of widespread scepticism towards cultural practices which serve to benefit dominant groups. This shift in attitudes has changed irrecoverably the expression in which many of the plays are performed. For Valerie Traub this change in the way Shakespeares work is performed is a direct result of a wider scepticism towards discourses which watch our behaviour into supposedly normative parametersIf directors once felt authorised to manipulate Shakespearean plays to foster conservative interpretations of social roles, to day epochs stage and film productions do so at their peril for audiences increasingly do it Shakespeares interpretations of gender and sexuality are as complex, various and fascinating as our own bodies and selves. Camb. Comp. p144Shakespeares plays have therefore become a powerful ally for those who doubt the veracity of the traditional conventions of gender roles, which twain em carcass and sustain the power structures in a patriarchal society. some(prenominal) As You Like It and Twelfth Night demonstrate in their rag-dressing antics, the ways in which we each recognise and exemplify the conventions of our gender in order to be identified with our gender type. The enduring hold of our gender role is then shown in two plays to be contingent upon the continued recognition and performance of them. pissed reading of the subversion of gender expectations in each play demonstrates Shakespeares prescience in questioning a standardised notion of priapic and female roles if we call to exist within an egalitarian society. He clearly understood how our formative cultural experiences etch these standardised notions deep within the self, as Terry Eagleton statesThe body for Shakespeare is not this crude biological datum notwithstanding an inseparable unity of fact and value to be a human body, biologically speaking, is also to be constrained to behave in certain cultura lly and ethically sanctioned ways, to feel ones flesh and blood inscribed by a stiff of digressive norms. P.100So it is that As You Like It and Twelfth Night prompt a certain level of initial discomfort, or a external sensation, through the attempts of genus Viola and Rosalind to break the hold of their gender type. Yet as their new role is embraced and their pieces are given the liberty of full expression, the gender divide is visibly diminished, the foreign sensation evaporates and the gap between genders appears in its true light as a learned performance which can be equally unlearned. Quali engages which are stereotypically attributed to a particular gender type are shown to be no more or less prevalent in their binary opposite. This is evident when Rosalind initially decides to go out into the world as a manWell have a swashing and a martial outside/ As many other manlike cowards have/ that do outface it with their semblances. (1.3.114)She highlights the fact that cowardic e is not necessarily a female trait, for there are cowardly males, just as she herself proves that there are bold women. Her recognition that such differences cannot be easily categorised into gender types is indicative of how Shakespeares creates characters which are unpredictable and wavering in the true human sense. The blending of stereotypical male and female characteristics is shown most potently in the transformation, both inside and out, of Rosalind and Viola in their crown of thorns dressing antics. Although Orsino isnt aware of it he describes the attraction of this blend of male and female characteristics the allure of androgyny in his assessment of Viola dressed as CesarioDear lad, varyve it/ for they shall yet belie and sound/ and all is semblative a womans part.Despite the sense of exuberance in both plays at this questioning of standardised notions of gender, an alternative argument can be made that the cross dressing elements only serve in the end to reinforce th e legitimacy of the status quo. Since cross dressing is a traditional bandage element of the comedy genre in Elizabethan theatre its inclusion may be said to be obligatory rather than an authorial choice. This would tie in with several other factors in Shakespeares work, which may denote a certain over-eagerness on the part of modern day directors to showcase modern day scepticism towards social convention.When Jacques in As You Like It, versifies the seven ages of man, from cradle to soldiering to senility, he also mentions the female equivalent which is limited to just threesome maid, wife and widow. Each of these stages corresponds to a womans marital status at any given time, which is also a central feature of Twelfth Night and As You Like It, where Viola and Rosalind are still primarily conscious of their need to secure a marriage partner, even in their liberated state. The denouement of both plays allows closure for the Elizabethan audience by restoring the women to their ri ghtful place, having passed from stage one to stage two of their restrictive existence. The hiccup of their newfound social mobility, as a result of their gender swap, is overcome through marriage.This argument is perhaps reinforced by the fact that there are only two occasions in Shakespeares plays where men cross dress into women (name the occasions) and on each occasion the men in question are the butt of jokes. If Shakespeares key purpose in including cross dressing as plot elements was to demonstrate the constructed nature of gender roles so as to propose a more egalitarian social order, surely the male gender shift into a female would suggest the same underlying assertion. Traub outlines the important differences in Shakespearean gender swapsShakespeare depicts male characters as uncomfortable descend into femininity, while female characters enjoy the elevation of status their temporary manhood permits. P141 camb.There essential remain some uncertainty then as to Shakespeares genuine motives when using cross dressing in his plays, and yet there can be no doubt that it is through her gender shifting and role play that Rosalind exposes illusions about romantic love, showing that the formulaic patterns of love are not to be imitated as they are based upon falsehoods. Rosalinds intuitive understanding of loves flawed compact and her foresight in planning the fate of other characters in the play to their advantage also belies the prevalent scientific theory of the Elizabethan era that females were entirely imperfect males. Despite the aforementioned reservations, Rosalinds wisdom and intelligence clearly presents the opposite view of women to that in The Taming of the Shrew, as it shows that the type of woman that one should desire is both wayward and incorrigible.It seems suitable that Shakspeare chooses the auspices of a pastoral green world, (p.140 camb comp.) as a natural setting for Rosalind to experience a temporary release from the strictures of f amily or culture and question social conventions. The idyllic retreat of the Forest of Arden becomes a place in which new romantic and social possibilities can flourish, often as a result of fundamental subversions of identity and gender. This leads to Rosalind as Ganymede taking the role of instructor in love, directing Orlando on the most productive ways to hail her own female double a real social anomalyIn As You Like It and Twelfth Night, disguise in the form of cross dressing, becomes both a means of self-discovery and a mechanism to highlight the injustice of organising a society based on stereotypical expectations. This change in their character as a result of imagining themselves as male highlights the nature of role play both in performance and in real life, as Eagleton suggests, every self-presentation is for Shakespeare a kind of play acting.p.90 That is not to say that such role-play doesnt have a positive transformative effect. The freedom of expression so often denie d to women is embraced by both Viola and Rosalind, and used to better their own situation and that of others.In The West Yorkshire Playhouses performance of As You Like It the play was kept in period but the adaptation of the text and the interpretation of character were notably contemporary. The text was not treated like a sacred tome as some productions have through with(p) to their detriment, but was chopped and changed to create the comedic effect the play should strive for. The resultant atmosphere of unpredictability was enhanced by the subtle use of music, which often set up dramatic cues in scenes of great emotion or drama. These musical shifts from one mini-narrative to another, coupled with a set which made the audience aware that the woodwind instrument is a dramatic illusion, created the sensation that we were experiencing several smaller plays within a large play. This framing of mini-narratives, where characters were forced to adjust their behaviour according to thei r circumstances throughout the play, made the dilution of gender roles far more acute as a suggestion of our social constructedness, rather than being merely a comedic plot element. Rosalind support greatly in this effect by shifting ably between her vulnerable self and the masquerade character of Ganymede. These fluid switches, which went largely unnoticed, demonstrated the way that we expect specific semiotic mannerisms and figures of speech commensurate with binary gender roles, learnt through observation in our formative cultural experiences, in order to recognize someone as male or female.These shifts from Rosalind to Ganymede were so natural and convincing that Orlando often seemed in danger of loving Rosalind as Ganymede as much as he loved Rosalind herself. The ensuing confusion created a genuine tension in his exchanges with Ganymede and allowed the audience to see him wrestling with his own sexuality, at the same time as attempting to prove to be a worthy suitor. Orlandos internal struggle brought to the fore the way in which the play allows subconscious homosexual urges to be sublimated by directing them towards a woman dressed as a man. The homosexual connotation would have been even more acute in Shakespearean performances when those urges would have been channelled towards a male actor playing a female character who is then disguised as a man. The production conveyed this tension in the text convincingly and allowed the audience to get the full flavour of how Shakespeare may have been expressing desires which he felt within himself.Branaghs As You Like It Filters production of Twelfth Night was a showcase for the plasticity of Shakespeares plays, demonstrating how they can be moulded to suit the level of inventiveness and the mood which the director wishes to convey. Although the political and social messages were tuned low, the plays exuberance and stupid inventiveness overcame any tentativeness which those expecting a more traditional interpr etation may have been feeling. The only problem with the productions anarchic nature was the small cast, which meant it was much easier to brook track of the narrative and the characters with many of them doubling up.Trevor Nunns film version of Twelfth Night tends to play down the plays suggestions about gender roles and its homosexual overtones, using glances and actions entirely to refer towards the gay and lesbian subtext. Despite this subtlety the films setting in a 19th century rural Illyria, which is given a melancholy broody air through the music of Feste, allows the divide between genders to be expressed in an extreme fashion when Viola makes her switch, through the extreme resultant changes in her clothing and social attitudes. The period choice allows Viola to fully express the scale of the journey she must make in her transformation, as well as the dangers that may await her in doing so, when she is shown in silhouette binding her breasts and putting on mens clothing to become Cesario. Her transformation indicates that she intends to disguise herself not as a boy, but as a eunuch in order to shield herself entirely from all manner of sexual threats. To ward off such dangers she must also relearn her most basic actions in a male form, walking and yawning, as well as new skills such as shut in and developing a carefree male etiquette which is most clearly demonstrated in her comedic attempts to converse with Orsino whilst he bathes.Since Feste is given the voiceover in both the prologue and epilogue he is given an almost omniscient presence, apparently knowing all ends in each scenario. His god-like aura seems to tie in well with the texts awareness of the fragility and vulnerability of the possibilities of happiness, as he fully anticipates only the partial fulfilment of each characters desire, even in a best case scenario. This is most evident in the plays central plot in which Violas liberating transformation into a male, allows her a newfoun d power of personal expression which she must in the end relinquish to stupefy her place with Orsino.

Creating Tension With Sound

Creating Tension With SoundIn my own work I am exploring the psychological stir caused by a break-down in a relationship. The use of sound to create tension is of great importance to support what is happening on screen in set up to reflect upon the viewer the emotions felt by the characters.As someone who is creating a pack which relies on sound to enhance atmosphere, the work of David lynch is an inevitable resource because sound is just as important as mental imagination. He uses sound in order to create moods and atmosphere which propel the stories of his films forwards.The works of kill have covered many genres such as murder mystery and science fiction, with distributively film being very different from a nonher. However each film is distinctly recognisable as a David Lynch film in that his films are unique auditory and visual spectacles full of symbolism. Lynch employs an almost perfectionist approach to every aspect of his films. It strikems the unique captivating po wer of his films stems from this attention to detail in both the visuals and sound.This essay is an investigation into an important singularity of Lynchs films the use of sound and its relationship with the imagination. I will use examples from Lynchs major film projects focusing on three films in particular in order to investigate this relationship Eraserhead, blueness Velvet and Inland Empire. Firstly I will explore how sound is used as a narrative crush in conjunction with on-screen imagery.MAIN BODYSound as narrativeDavid Lynchs first foray into mainstream cinema was with his first feature film Eraserhead. It established him as director but excessively demonstrated his understanding of sound as a means of narrative within film.Sound is 50 per cent of a film, at least. In some scenes its almost 100 per cent.. This statement by Lynch himself underlines the importance of sound in his films, to me, suggesting that the sound is what carries the narrative forward in a continuum. For example, in Eraserhead the viewer is subjected to an almost nonsensical visual narrative, leaving one flavor bemused as to what is actually happening in the film. However, as Michel Chion states Sound has a precise function, propelling us through the film, giving us the sense of being inside it, wrapped within its timespan. He goes on to argue that although there is a lack of visual narrative the sound makes up for it. If we take this into hand it is as if the sounds that we are hearing in the film creates a sort of audio narrative, that can be heard throughout, but never seen, creating a dense atmosphere of tension and loneliness.An example of this can be found in the introduction of Eraserhead (000000 000550), where the viewer is subjected to sounds of machinery working, seemingly industrial rumblings. However we dont actually see any visual representation of any kind of machinery. What we see is something which appears to be out of a sci-fi film with a close up shot of hyd rogen Spencers head (the films protagonist). Behind him is what appears to be a mass of thrill hanging in empty space devoid of any stars. As the camera zooms into this rock we are presented by a grotesque figure of a man sitting by a broken window and some levers. This is followed by a shot of Henry again, as what appears to be a malformed sperm exits his mouth and floats in space. The scene then moves back to the man by the levers, and as he pulls one of the levers, seemingly sets the sperm into motion which ultimately plummets into a fluid of some kind. It is as if what you are seeing and hearing is the journey of the sperm on its way to fertilise an egg. The visuals accompanied with the sounds convey the feeling that you are inside Henrys mind experiencing his thoughts, Eraserhead has often been thought as a portrayal of a nightmare. The scene eventually ends with the camera coming out of the night through a hole in the ground into the world of Henry. The continuous sound ac ts as a seamless link between the introduction and the contiguous scene (which is essentially the beginning of the film). With the choice of sound one cannot help but feel a sense of distress and isolation, feelings that are synonymous with Henry throughout the film. This introduction seems to be a precursor as to what happens later on in the film, though the viewer is not aware of it.David Lynch also uses silence as a narrative tool by creating an instance for the viewer to think and ponder. He refers to this silence as room tone truism Its the sound that you hear when theres silence, in between words or sentences.. In Eraserhead these instances of silence do not contain natural sounds of any kind, just the unvarying ambient sound of the industrial droning, creating tension and a sense of isolation. This ambient sound of machinery is heard throughout the film, acting as a constant, bringing the imagery together.Another example of room tone is in Lynchs latest film Inland Empire where one of Laura Derns characters is sitting opposite an unknown man in a small dark room (011800 012045). Derns character begins talking, and pauses every now and then as she speaks to the man. The man in turn does not respond and merely sits listening. The character is talking about a gruesome incident that has occurred, which appears to be completely irrelevant to what has taken place so far in the film. Yet the silence in between the dialogue carries an almost electric buzzing sound which creates tension and discomfort, drawing the viewer further into the scene. physical exertion of music and strivingMusic is the primary instrument of horny direction in film it tells us what to feel about a character, a place, a situation.Although sound is the primary element in Lynchs audio-scape, he also uses music and song as a means to create mood and to reflect emotional states of his characters.It was the teaming up with the composer Angelo Badalamenti during the filming of Blue Velv et, which caused Lynch to be liberated musically. Badalamentis ghostly musical scores often complimented and enhanced the dream like visual imagery of Lynchs films. Badalamentis score in Blue Velvet is gloomy and daring and often compliments and contrasts the harsh sound effects created by sound designer Alan Splet (a want time collaborator of Lynch) and the on-screen imagery. An example where the musical score heightens the atmosphere of a scene in Blue Velvet is when Isabella Rossellinis character Dorothy Vallens walks over to her closet, in which Jeffrey Beaumont (played by Kyle MacLachlan) is hiding. Dorothy is holding a knife and the music rises in tempo and volume creating an almost stifling tension as she opens the closet and discovers Jeffrey (003800 003819).In a number of Lynchs films elements of the musical film create startling contrasts as characters suddenly burst into singing, or a song is playing over imagery that it does not quite belong to. There is almost a feeli ng of abstract fantasy about these instances just as there is in musicals, unless these songs serve a purpose to transform visual imagery, uphold narrative and to give an added dimension to the characters themselves. The writer Chris Rodley comments on this use of music as something that alters how the on-screen imagery of the the films is viewed, but as a result takes on a new meaning itself causing both to become intertwined0. In the opening scene of Blue Velvet we hear Bobby Vintons song Blue Velvet (from which the film apparently gained its name),a 1960s hit song reminiscing about love which is now lost. Accompanying this song is on-screen imagery of idyllic picket fenced middle America, focussing on a man watering his lawn. At this point nothing seems to be out of the ordinary, nonetheless after having trouble with his hosepipe the man suddenly collapses squirming clutching his neck. The scene ends with a close up of the lawn as the camera seemingly goes into the dirt, with t he song fading, revealing a scurrying mass of beetles(000140 000345). This stark contrast between what the viewer is seeing and hearing, creates a sense that not all is as it seems in Lumberton, the imaginary town in which the action of the film takes place.Later in Blue Velvet we have an example where the song In Dreams by Roy Orbison is given pronged meaning when mimed by the antagonist Frank Booth, played by Dennis Hopper. Frank is an extremely foul mouthed and violent character who deals drugs and can be viewed as the meat of evil in the film. What the song does is to give an insight into the subconscious workings of Franks mind, as it shows him in a very different light to how he commonly is throughout the film. In Dreams also serves as a narrative to the hopeless situation which Jeffrey has got himself into, being held captive by Frank and his men,as well as acquiring punched.

World War I :: World War 1 I One Essays History

World War I During W.W.I the Austrian wore the pike gray 1909 pattern tunic and trousers. They have three white stars on the lift up which indicate Sergeants rank. Some have leather gaiters worn by mountain troops others wore the ordinary trousers with the integral gaiter which fastened around the ankle with twain buttons. Men and women wore tunics made of khaki serge flannel or cord. Most men, and some women, also wore leather cartridge pouches and a slouched hat. Women were seen wearing long, more fuller skirts. Blouses normally had a high neck line and the sleeves were full length. Women also wore their hair longer but usually pulled it back into a bun or lope tail. Fashions were very blimpish. On the Eastern Front, German infantry wore white coats with fur on the inside. They did this for warmth and camouflage. They wore the field gray cap with black/white and violent at the top, and state blockade on the band. The band was red for infantry, black for rifles and artillery, a nd brown for machine gun battalions. The German Army uniform began to change in 1915. They went from buttoned cuffs to a simple turned back cuff. During W.W.I. tobacco was not frequently used, but drinking tea and whisky was used more for pleasure and relaxation. During W.W.II. materials were scarce. Skirt hems were much shorter and skirts were more form fitting. The clothes could not have any cuff, ruffles or flap pockets. Pants could be no more than 19 inches wide. There were also dearths of fabric such as silk, rayon and nylon. American women were starting to become fashionable by wearing military hats, mens pants, and patches. Women also stop wearing large jewelry such as bangles and beads. Short haircuts were considered much safer at work and less trouble. The short hairstyles became popular during the war. Mens suits were rationed and each(prenominal) man was only allowed one suit per year. Men were allowed to only have four cigarettes per day. The styles during W.W.I were not as conservative as the styles during W.W.II. The styles during W.W.II. indicate a shortage of products which mandated the fashion industry during that era for both men and women. The changing of the fashions from W.W.I. to W.W.II. show that men and women were becoming more in tune with fashion. Styles were not as conservative as they used to be.

Cultural Ambiguity and the Sexual Relationship :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Cultural Ambiguity and the Sexual Relationship The notion that a culture cannot wholly define a term it puts to use every day is perplexing, yet that seems to be the case in American culture. The term sexual relationship is one that is thrown virtually and used loosely by masses of all ages in the United States. Truly the phrase has many connotations, but as to which is correct, there is little translation. In order to ascertain some sort of definition it is logical to examine public debates involving this phrase. The most recent public debate requiring the definition of a sexual relationship involved the case concerning President William J. Clintons relationship to White House intern Monica Lewinsky. The documentation of this case is summarized in a report commonly referred to as The Starr Report, in which President Clinton denies having had a sexual relationship with Ms. Lewinsky, even though she claims otherwise. Clinton does so by standing behind the definition set forth in the Jones Deposition. A person engages in sexual relations when the person knowingly engages in or causes -- (1) contact with the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or buttocks of any person with an imprisoned to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person . . . . Contact means intentional touching, either directly or through clothing. (www.house.gov/ terrace/6narrit.htmL11) Per this explicit definition, Clinton claimed that Ms. Lewinsky had sexual relations with him (e.g. oral sex) but he had not engaged in a sexual relationship with her. Therefore, one possibility for the definition of a sexual relationship could involve the clear-cut guidelines above, and as President Clinton suggested, involve only one person. However, Ms. Lewinskys view was slightly different. She claimed that, in fact, the two had a sexual relationship because President Clinton did engage in some of the acts mentioned above and lied about it. This added information causes murkiness in the argument that one atom of a partnership can engage in a sexual relationship without the other partner. Indeed, much of the argument tends to point towards the idea that two people are usually involved in a sexual relationship because it is difficult to have said relationship with only one person.

Duty-Based Person Essay -- essays research papers fc

Duty-based documentAbstractA duty based is a person that has structure and guidance. A duty-based person is a person that has respect for leadership and the knowledge to be a leader. The writer will discuss her point of views of a duty-based person. She will also give her acuteness on tribe lying to and for one another. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, duty is the action and conduct due to a superior, homage, submission due respect, reverence an _expression of submission, deference, or respect. The writer feels that a duty based would not lye to another person or lye for another person the writer feels that if someone thought you were lying to him or her, you cannot be trusted. When you start out lying about something you have to keep on lying to cover up the first lye you started out with. Most people that lye be scared of getting in to trouble. Other peoples that lye just like telling stories. Some people can look you right in the exhibit and they will be lying to y ou. You can make things worse if you lie for someone, for them and for yourself. They can wound up getting in to trouble for lying. The person for whom they are lying can say they have no clue what that person is talking about. They can say they never asked anyone to lye for them. If you lye for someone else, you are just as guilty as the person you are lying for. If someone asks you to lye for them, you should ask yourself why are they not telling the truth. The writer feels that you shou...